The heme group is a highly conjugated ring system (which allows its electrons to be very mobile) surrounding an iron ion.          The iron in cytochromes usually exists in a ferrous (Fe2+) and a ferric (Fe3+) state with a ferroxo (Fe4+) state
   Heme Enzyme Structure and Function     -   Chemical Reviews   -  2014        Metalloporphyrins are widely used throughout the biosphere and of these heme (iron protoporphyrin IX) is one of the most abundant and widely used. Heme shuttles electrons
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